American River College – Department of Anthropology

Course Syllabus:  ANTH310 – Cultural Anthropology

Professor Jim Snoke

 

Class Meeting:  Tuesday Evening: 6:00 pm – 9:45 pm; Friday: 4:30 – 8:15

Spring Semester, 2007 – 18 week format

Classroom:  D202

Office Hours:  Tues – 4:00 to 5:00 pm; Fri – 3:15 to 4:15; or by appointment.

Office Location:  Liberal Arts 133 (Old Math Building) Office #22

Office Phone:  484-8213

Campus Email:  snokej@arc.losrios.edu

Blackboard Course Support:  http://blackboard.losrios.edu

Instructor Web Site:  http://www.southwestpotters.com

Required Text:  Cultural Anthropology – 7th Edition, by Marvin Harris and Orna Johnson, Allyn and Bacon, 2006.  ISBN: 0-205-36718-6.  Sixth or Fifth editions are acceptable – used copies may be available in our bookstore or online.

Course Numbers:  11367, 12337

 

Course Description:

 

This course is an introduction to the varieties of customs, traditions and forms of social organizations in both western and non-western societies. The main focus of the course is to examine non-western cultures and the social experiences of development. This course provides valuable background to students interested in multicultural perspectives and/or anticipating involvement in global business opportunities or travel. (CAN ANTH 4) AA/AS area C2 & F; CSU area D3; IGETC area 4.

 

Course Objectives:  Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:

 

  • Explain, using examples, the Anthropological Perspective
  • Explain methods used by anthropologists to collect data
  • Explain the history of cultural anthropology as a discipline
  • Understand and explain the Universal Pattern in human cultures
  • Discuss in detail ethnographic examples of human cultures
  • Discuss data and theories with regard to culture growth and change
  • Discuss and explain the negative impact of ethnocentrism and/or racism on social interactions
  • Differentiate between and among various subdisciplinary approaches used to explain human socio-cultural behavior.
  • Extrapolate, from cross-cultural data, patterns of human behavior

 

Course Reading Assignments:

 

Students are required to complete the chapters in the text, and are responsible for any additional reading assignments specifically listed in the Course Reading Assignments document for each chapter.  Reading assignments are given for each week of the course, and for each chapter in the text.  Terminology is especially important, and terms that are essential to the course are emphasized in the text in boldface type.  Additionally, the Course Reading Assignments document lists each of the terms for which you will be held accountable.  I also have digitalized a number of excerpts from books and articles that I will require that you read for background on the topics we discuss during the course.  These digital excerpts are available on Blackboard or on CD.

 

Writing Assignments:

 

Each chapter in the text has a small set of review questions that appear at the end of the chapter.  Each student is required to type a short-answer essay response to each of the questions.  You must use a word processor of some kind, and your name and student id number must be included electronically.  These answers are due each Friday by class time, and may be submitted electronically.  I will explain the process during the first class meeting.

 

Course Project:

 

There is a small database project that each of you will participate in, and it may be done in groups.  Each of you will be responsible for 10 societies taken from a scaled-down version of Murdock’s Ethnographic Atlas.  I have extracted data from North America and Africa including data from 457 societies.  Each of these is classified as either a Producer or a Gatherer infrastructurally, and cultural data are then available for comparison within each of the two modes of subsistence.  Your relatively simple task is to query the database for elements of culture that are alike or that differ between the two subsistence types and summarize the data.  I will explain this project in more detail as the course progresses.

 

Media Access Files:

 

Each weekly lecture topic and chapter in the text will be supplemented by an audio file that will explore the topic in further detail.  These audio files will be available to you on the Blackboard.com course site as well as my own Web site:  www.southwestpotters.com.  These files will be stored there as .wav files and can be played directly from the site without the need to download the file to your computer.  It is essential that you listen to these files because they will not only supplement the lectures and reading for each week, but they will also be sources from which questions will be derived when midterm and final examinations are due.  As you listen to the files, take notes just as if you were in class, and then ask questions about the discussion during actual class time.

 

Attendance:

 

I expect students to come to class prepared to learn.  This means that you must attend regularly, and that you will have read the material for the week prior to the lectures for that week.  I will test on the lectures I give, and the material that I bring to the lectures is in addition to that material in the text.  I will provide you with lecture outlines for each of the topics and detail associated with each of the chapters.  These outlines can be used to organize your lecture notes, and additionally give you the ability to understand what is missed should any of you be absent during a class meeting.  I also expect that you will take notes on the lectures I present each class meeting.

 

Testing:

 

Quizzes will be given regularly on the terms and concepts associated with each of the chapters.  The format for these is multiple choice, and each of you will be able to take the quizzes online.  Generally, quizzes will cover 20 terms.  In addition to the chapter quizzes, there will be a Midterm and a Final examination.  Each of them is in two parts:  Lecture/Text and Take-home.  The lecture portion of the midterm and final will include questions taken from lectures throughout the course. Prior to each there will be a review of concepts that will be included on the tests, and review questions will be published in advance.  I will announce the dates for the Midterm during the semester.  The Final Exam date is published in the spring 2007 Class Schedule.  Each student is on his or her honor not to cheat during the quizzes, midterm, or final.  This is an absolute policy, and applies to the take-home portion of the midterm and final as well.

 

Grading:

 

Each of the chapter quizzes will be worth 20 points.  There are 19 chapters in the book, and if we complete the book during the semester, there will be a total of 380 points possible from the quizzes.  The Midterm and the Final examination are worth 100 points each, and the cultural database project is worth 50 points.  The total number of points possible upon completion of the course is 630.  Extra credit is available over and above the points just explained.  Ask me about this.

 

            A = 560 – 630

            B = 520 – 559

            C = 480 – 519

            D = 440 – 479

            F = Below 440

 

The above point ranges break out something like this:  Hypothetically, if you earned 17 points (average) per quiz, earned 89 on the Midterm and 89 on the Final, and a 44 on the database project, your total score would be:  560.  The point ranges for each grade category are more than fair, and each of you should be able to earn an ‘A’ in the class by studying and keeping up with the material in the course.

 

Make-up Exams:

 

If you miss a quiz, you must make it up.  Without a score on each of the assignments, your point totals will be too low.  There will be no extra credit unless all assignments – including examinations – are completed.  Any make-up test must be taken within one week of the date missed.

 

Classroom Behavior:

 

Students are expected to attend class regularly and to come prepared to learn.  I do not allow cell phones or pagers in the classroom, and I do not tolerate rudeness of any kind – either directed at me or at your fellow students.  I encourage you to ask questions as long as they are directly related to the topics covered in the text and lectures.  I strongly suggest that you take notes during class, and that you review and revise your notes outside of class. 

 

When discussions take place, I insist on following the “Law of Rationality” or the “Law of Argument”, which requires that unsupported opinion has no place in an academic environment where data-driven, scientific study and discourse are taking place.  Students have the right to attend class and to be graded fairly.  My charge as a teacher is to provide an academic environment within which students can learn.  You may feel that your rights extend to unsubstantiated forms of “self-expression” but they do not.  I will be happy to discuss your opinions outside of class, but not in the classroom.  You may hear statements that you do not agree with, but this course is not a “debate ground” nor is it your responsibility to disagree in the absence of reading that which you have been assigned.  Your own “sacred cows” can be held sacred if you insist, but you will read the assignments and at least act as if you understand and appreciate the magnitude of the issue.    If you cannot or will not come to class interested in the material and willing to learn, you may find yourself being asked to leave the room.  If you need to talk to each other during class time, leave the room until you are finished with whatever is more important than my class.

 

Teaching Philosophy:

 

Finally, I do not expect students here in my classes to become anthropology majors.  I am realistic enough to know that by the time you reach the age at which a collegiate education is in progress, you have already been lulled into thinking that traditional modes of thought and behavior presented in classes such as history, government, civics, philosophy, and psychology present acceptable explanations of “human” behavior.  And worse, you have already accepted notions such as: “Edison invented the electric light bulb”, or “Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone”, or “Abraham Lincoln was the great emancipator”, or perhaps even “The Aztecs were very religious”. These examples, and myriads of others, are examples of history’s complete lack of causal explanation, combined with unsubstantiated emic behavioral conclusions. 

 

In order to be useful to us, any discipline must attempt to draw nomothetic conclusions.  History, for example, is almost entirely idiographic, and, in this country at least, falls into the Carlylean trap that suggests that “great people” make “great contributions” to the movement of culture through time.  In this course we will talk about these interpretive problems and others.  I believe that if you can begin to see some of the contradictions you have been given in the past, you will be able to think and write more critically, and will be less inclined to accept theories and conclusions that are ill-formed.

 

My task as an anthropologist is to get you to see a different way of looking at the world of human behavior.  Anthropology is the original “multicultural” field of study, and its concepts and perspectives are more a way of life for those of us who adopt its mantel.  Other disciplines pay lip service to an understanding of human behavior, but each of them falls far short of the mark because they focus too intently on either singular aspects of human behavior, or they put the “causal arrows” exactly backwards in attempting to explain behavioral cause and effect.  Any discipline, further, that seeks to explain human behavior by relying on European data (and their world-wide descendants) has missed the mark completely.

 

I must also tell you that this course is taught from the perspective of Cultural Materialism, and within that, Applied Anthropology.  My entire career as an educator has been based on the firm belief that teaching is advocacy.  In the words of the great historian, Howard Zinn:  “You can’t be neutral on a moving train”, and this course and my approach to it are anything but neutral.  The real reason to study the past, including cultures of the past, is not to see what life was like in an earlier time and marvel at how different, simple, rudimentary, or “primitive” they are, but rather, to study them to see – as much as is possible – exactly where we, in the modern world went wrong.  Modern cultures are not “improvements” of past cultures – they are corruptions of them.  You have grown up in an age when modern technologies are already established, and where each new “innovation” is eagerly awaited.  Each of those innovations, however, come with a terrible price, and one that the so-called “primitive” peoples of the world did not have to pay – at least those who were pre-agricultural.  Once agriculture began, and with it settled life, humans exacted a monumental tribute from the environment as well as from each other.  So that you can “catch up” with the changes and their effects on life world-wide, I have digitalized some excerpts from several books and articles that I will require that you read.

 

So – welcome to “Cultural Anthropology:  A first look at culture and behavior holistically”.  We don’t purport to have answers to every question, but we do have data to support our hypotheses and we are willing to modify those hypotheses when new data require that we do so.  I want you to make use of that data as well.  Most subjects are taught using the “generalization/data method”.  I want you to be able to make use of data to draw your own conclusions -- the “data/generalization method”, and I want you to learn to write using the concepts and data taken from your reading so that you are able to demonstrate that your thinking follows etic mental and behavioral cause and effect, not emic mental and behavioral supposition.  When you read this on the first day of class, ask me how you can begin to do it and what the terms “etic” and “emic” mean.  Harris will introduce them, but my task is to explain them in such a way that they become part of your thought process throughout your college education and beyond.  Having said all this, I believe that this course and the subject matter it embraces is one of the most interesting I have encountered in my college career.  Learning is fun, and this class has always been a great deal of fun – and it is my hope that we can all enjoy the next 18 weeks together.

 

 

Jim Snoke